Friday, January 6, 2012

watkins woolen mill

Woolen Mill as seen from the
front lawn of the house.
      Watkins Mill, in Lawson, Missouri, is a preserved woolen mill dating to the mid-19th century. Designated a National Historic Landmark on November 13, 1966, the mill is protected as Missouri's Watkins Mill State Historic Site which preserve its machinery and business records as well as the building itself. The historic site itself is the centerpiece of 1,500-acre (610 ha) Watkins Woolen Mill State Park.
      Watkins Mill was built in 1859-1860 by Waltus Watkins, who called it Bethany Plantation. Watkins built housing for the mill workers nearby, creating one of the first planned communities in North America. The community was effectively self-sufficient, the mill producing yarn and wool cloth. The mill operated at capacity until 1886, two years after Watkins' death. From 1886 to the turn of the twentieth century production declined. Nearly all of the mill machinery has been preserved, including a 50 horsepower steam boiler that powered the factory.
Equipment set up next to 
the woolen mill.
      The site also includes the Watkins house, dating to 1850. The twelve-room 2-1/2 story house includes three staircases, the main stair detailed in carved walnut. It remained a Watkins family home until 1945.
      The Franklin School, or Octagonal School was built in 1856 and was used by the Watkins family and their employees until the mid-1870s, when it became a residence for mill workers. The unusual octagonal building was built of locally manufactured brick on Watkins land.
      The Watkins' also donated the land for Mt. Vernon Baptist Church, built in 1871 to replace a log church dating to the 1850s. Of the $5000 construction cost, more than half was donated by Watkins.
      The property became part of the Missouri state parks system in 1964, and it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.
      Teachers may use the following photographs for the development of educational  Power Point presentations. I snapped fifty photos of Watkins Mill, museum and home during one of my many family trips.
      Read the Terms of Use before downloading the jpgs. and click on the thumbnails to download the very largest photo available.

Side view of the old mill.
The red barn as seen from the front
lawn of the Watkins family home.
One of two remaining barns on
the property.
Watkins family home and out buildings
Front view of the old family home.
Barn for family use only.
This is the backside of the
Watkins family home; in the
foreground are bee hives.
An out building on the Watkins family property.
The old smoke house.
Equipment inside the
smoke house.
Courtyard of the
Watkins family home.
Back porch belonging to the house.
Ring for help or dinner.
Front porch of the Watkins family
home with Christmas swags.
Side view of Watkins family home.
Garden at the back of the house.

Strange looking chickens are very cute.
Two types of fencing on the farm.

Sheep provide the wool of course.

View of Watkins Mill as you
walk into the property.
Watkins Mill Museum.
Side entrance of the Watkins Mill
Museum. The following
photographs were taken of the
Museum contents.



























More Folks Visit The Old Watkin's Estate and Woolen Mill:
More History About Watkin's Mill:
Lesson Plans for Watkin's Mill:

    Saturday, November 12, 2011

    photography and film links for art educators

    Links to Photography/Film Lesson Plans: Methods, History and Comprehension: Kodak Lesson Plans * Manipulating Photographs: Can You Trust Photographs? * The Geometry of Lenses * Science of Special Effects * Digital Photography Lessons from Cody's Science Education Zone * Adobe Education Exchange * Ansel Adams Lesson Plan * Basics of Photography * Basic Strategies in Reading Photographs * Caption Writing Activity * Captions: A picture is worth a thousand words * Teachers Guide to Cinematography Lessons * Conflicting Newspaper Accounts * W. Eugene Smith: Photo Journalism and Compassion * Facing The Unknown * Photographic History Timeline * The Power of Pictures * The Power of Stills * Through the Lens of Robert Capa * To Censor of Not? * Using photography to time-travel * Color Photography Index * Ideas and Examples from Ron Kubota * 1001 Uses for a Digital Camera  * Digital Photography in Action * Dorothea Lange Curriculum * Every Picture Has A Story * Both Sides of The Lens * Exploring Photographs * Digital Video Curriculum from Adobe * Film Editing: Manipulating Time and Space * The Art of Photography from the Incredible Art Dept. * Digital Photography Lessons from Vivid Light * Making Movie Storyboards * Photo Communication by Professor Marvin Bartel * Photographing Life's Images * Lessons About Thomas Eakins * Photographics, Photography and Digital Graphic Media Curriculum Guide * Using Photography to Help Save The Oceans * Adobe Video Production Resource * Writing A Movie * Talk About Movies * Netting The Net * Men In Black Curriculum * Groundhog Day * Vertigo, Breakfast At Tiffany's and Shallow Grave * Lessons Using Movies by Tatsuki * Teaching Ethics With Film * Ethics On The World Wide Web * POV for Educators *
    Photography Manipulation: Do fun stuff with your photos * Make your own book * Optics * Canon's Creative Park * Making a Pinhole Camera * Webcams in the Classroom *
    Teaching Film: Ideas and Methods: FilmBlog * Movies and famous people: Methods * Dave's ESL Cafe Idea Cookbook * Ideas for Using Movie Previews * Drew's Script-O-Rama * Developing Film Study Guides * The Internet Movie Database * Movies For Ethics: Suggestions *
    Notable American Photographers Online: Berenice Abbott * Vito Acconci * Ansel Adams * Robert Adams * Edward Anthony * Diane Arbus * Charles Dudley Arnold * Alice E. Austen * Richard Avedon * Liberty Hyde Baily * John Baldessari * Lewis Baltz * George N. Barnard * Tina Barney * Thomas Barrow * Herbert Bayer * Bill Beckley * William Bell * Richard Benson * Paul Berger * Zeke Berman * Margaret Bourke-White * William Bradford * Mathew Brady * Anne Brigman * Ellen Brooks * Francis Joseph Bruguiere * Wynn Bullock * Chris Burden * Nancy Burson * Harry Callahan * Andre Friedmann * Paul Caponigro * William Christenberry * Chuck Close * Robert Cornelius * Joseph Cornell * Marie Cosindas * Robert Cumming * Imogen Cunningham * Edward Sheriff Curtis * Bruce Davidson * F. Holland Day * Roy DeCarava * Thomas Easterly * George Eastman * Michael Eastman * Harold Edgerton * John Paul Edwards * William Eggleston *Alfred Eisenstaedt * Walker Evans * Frank Eugene * Andreas Feininger * Robert Fichter * Robert Frank * Lee Friedlander  * Alexander Gardner * William A. Garnett * Arnold Genthe * Ralph Gibson * Frank Gilbreth * Laura Gilpin * Nan Goldin * Emmet Gowin *Harold Gregor * John Beasely Greene * Jan Groover * Ernst Haas * David Haxton * Josiah Johnson Hawes * John K. Hillers * Lewis Wickes Hine * George Hoyningen-Huene * William Henry Jackson * Lotte Jacobi * Kenneth Josephson * Consuela Kanaga * Gertrude Kasebier * Barbara Kasten * Gyorgy Kepes * Andre Kertesz * William Klein * Mark Klett * Jeff Koons * Vilem Kriz * Barbara Kruger * Dorothea Lange * William Langenheim * Clarence John Laughlin * Alma Lavenson * Russell Lee * Annie Leibovitz * Sherrie Levine * Helen Levitt * Alexander Liberman * Edwin Hale Lincoln * George Platt Lynes * Danny Lyon * Mary Ellen Mark * Charles Marville * Margrethe Mather * Ray Metzker * Baron Adolf de Meyer * Joel Meyerowitz * Duane Michals * Lisette Model * Laszlo Moholy-Nagy * Karl E. Moon * Sarah Moon * Barbara Morgan * Eadweard Muybridge * Bea Nettles * Arnold Newman * Sonya Noskowiak * Timothy O'Sullivan * Paul Jr. Outerbridge * Olivia Parker * Gordon Parks * Irving Penn * John Pfahl * Eliot Porter * Victor Prevost * Man Ray * Jacob Riis * Arthur Rothstein * Andrew Joseph Russell * Edward Ruscha * Lucas Samaras * Joseph Saxton  * Ben Shahn * Charles Sheeler * Augustus Francis Sherman * Cindy Sherman * Stephen Shore * Neal Slavin * Moeta J. Sleet Jr. * Laurie Simmons * Aaron Siskind * Eugene W. Smith * Albert Sands Southworth * Dough and Mike Starn * Edward Steichen * Ralph Steiner * Joel Sternfeld * Alfred Stieglitz * Paul Strand * Carl Struss * Henry Swift * Rolf Tietgens * Jerry Uelsmann * Doris Ulmann * John Vachon * Willard Van Dyke * Adam Clark Vroman * James Van Der Zee * Andy Warhol * Carleton E. Watkins * Margaret Watkins * Charles Leander Weed * Arthur H. Fellig Weegee * William Wegman * Brett Weston * Cole Weston * Edward Weston * Clarence H. White * Minor White * Garry Winogrand  * Marion Post Wolcott * Paul Wolff *

    This listing is kept current and will grow.

    Wednesday, November 9, 2011

    adapting art curriculum to accommodate art vocations

    A copy of the brochure I designed at sixteen for
    my school musical, "The Pirates of Penzance." 
        Many years ago, when I was a high school student, I had a marvelous high school art teacher, Nancy Jones. Of course, all of my art teachers were absolutely wonderful but I will share a bit of Mrs. Jones' wisdom here. She believed that it was entirely prudent to focus some of my studies upon those activities frequently assigned to artists in the "real" world. What I learned from Mrs. Jones, I have used time and time again throughout my entire career.
        For this very reason, I highly recommend to my colleagues the adaptation of some of their lesson plans to the realistic, technical applications used within the context of their own culture. What I mean by context is, those necessary applications most frequently used by contemporary employers. Graphic illustrators today must understand computer programing on a variety of levels. When I was young, these programs did not even exist, but an art teacher today would need to have the ability to teach some of these necessary applications. The realistic promotions of your young, budding artist may very well depend upon your abilities to integrate their traditional art studies with contemporary technology.
        Whenever there was to be a high school theater performance in which some form of advertisement was needed for the event, Mrs. Jones would often assign to her art students the responsibility of fulfilling one the following image requirements concerning the promotion of the event. Her assigned objectives would include the developmental skills needed to complete:
    • the brochure image for the actual performance
    • posters images to advertise the performance
    • ticket image designs 
    • newsletter images to promote the event
    The "Ode" cover for Liberty High School,
    was published in May 1984 by
    students and priced $1.50.
        In addition to the traditional graphic design requirements, I would also include tee shirt image designs for a contemporary version of this type of project. My youngest child, who is a drama student, frequently purchases tee shirts advertising her high school plays, clubs, and musicals that are most usually designed by senior, art students from her district.
        Mrs Jones also assigned to graduating art and literature students an additional soft bound book created to profile their poems and paintings. We were expected to publish our finest work and to write something about it as well. This kind of assignment taught us about the challenges and realistic problem solving measures that are dictated by the publishing media. In addition to this learning exercise, students also had unique materials to submit for review in those portfolios submitted to colleges or art academies
         There are many considerations involved in the development of this form of publication. These considerations may be included within the objectives of a lesson plan designed to inform students about the publishing industry. To update this project even further, art teachers may choose to make this publication an actual electronic newsletter or blog. All of the following elements that I was taught are still necessary to both hard copy and internet publishing scenarios:
    • the overall design
    • the specific page layouts
    • cost requirements
    • the artists and poets selected for the publication
    • fonts used in the design
    • editing of the additional written materials
    All the pages were published in black in white
    in order to cut costs.
        As a senior I included the following text about my personal page along with a black and white photograph of a painting:
        "I chose to paint this scene of a German village because my brother stayed there when he was traveling in Europe. My brother does a lot of photography, but this isn't copied from any of his photographs. I usually work from photographs because the lighting never changes, and there isn't any chance of accidental perspective mistakes.
        This village has some very tricky architecture because it is built on slanted terrain. I used a graph to help transfer sketches to a larger scale and then applied paint.
        The town in Rothenburg is very old, it is the only one like it in Germany, and it is still kept as it was during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries.
        The technique I used for this piece is realism, and the paint is tempera. It took approximately forty-two hours to complete. I prefer scenery to any other subject, but I practice portraits just as much.
        Sometime, within the next three years, I plan to visit Rothenburg myself, while I am studying in England."

    The caption reads, Liberty High School seniors Kathleen
    Rice and Rob Jones surveyed the school's art scene
    this week in preparation for the May 6-12 art
    show there. Seniors like these will have
    "shows within shows" in the special event that starts
    Sunday from 2-4 p. m.
        Even at the age of seventeen, I was more concerned with describing the whats and hows of my choices than I was in describing my personal reasons for creating the artwork. Wow, I guess was destined to be a studio art instructor?
        Mrs Jones also promoted student exhibits in school and local newspaper publications. She would set up interviews with the students during our class time in order to ensure that these activities were "properly" engaged in. I've included here a photograph of my senior artworks. I no longer have the actual article, but I do remember that my teacher graded my participation in the interview. In her own way, she was committed to integrated studies before the concept had a specific name or requirement by the state. Nancy Jones understood that the adaptation of our curriculum to 'real life' situations would teach us the practical information necessary to our own survival as artists.

    Monday, October 31, 2011

    resources for basketry

    Basket made from reeds and sweetgrass.
          Basket weaving (also basketry, basket making, or basketmaking) is the process of weaving unspun vegetable fibres into a basket or other similar form. People and artists who weave baskets are called basketmakers and basket weavers.
          Basketry is made from a variety of fibrous or pliable materials•anything that will bend and form a shape. Examples include pine straw, stems, animal hair, hide, grasses, thread, and wood.

    Basketry Comes in Four Types:
    • "Coiled" basketry - using grasses and rushes
    • "Plaiting" basketry - using materials that are wide and ribbon-like, such as palms, yucca or New Zealand flax
    • "Twining" basketry - using materials from roots and tree bark. Twining actually refers to a weaving technique where two or more flexible weaving elements ("weavers") cross each other as they weave through the stiffer radial spokes.
    • "Wicker" and "Splint" basketry - using reed, cane, willow, oak, and ash
    More About Basketry:
    Video About Basketry:
    Basketry Lesson Plans: 
    1. Basket making by Sue Stewart
    2. Weaving with plastic cups by Susan Holland
    3. Basket Weaving from Craft Revival
    4. Fiber Arts Curriculum from Basketweaving.com
    5. Reeds and Rainwater Make Baskets
    6. Lesson on basket coiling
    7. Choctaw Baskets: Weaving the Past and Present
    8. Telephone wire basket
    9. Fiber Coiled Baskets

    resources for rug hooking

    "Four Sisters" designed by Christian
    Corbet (2008), hooked by Joan Foster.
          Rug hooking is both an art and a craft where rugs are made by pulling loops of yarn or fabric through a stiff woven base such as burlap, linen, or rug warp. The loops are pulled through the backing material by using a crochet-type hook mounted in a handle (usually wood) for leverage. In contrast latch-hooking uses a hinged hook to form a knotted pile from short, pre-cut pieces of yarn.
          Wool strips ranging in size from 3/32 to 10/32 of an inch (2 to 8 mm) in width are often used to create hooked rugs or wall hangings. These precision strips are usually cut using a mechanical cloth slitter; however, the strips can also be hand-cut or torn. When using the hand-torn technique the rugs are usually done in a primitive motif.
          Designs for the rugs are often commercially produced and can be as complex as flowers or animals to as simple as geometrics. Rug-hooking has been popular in North America for at least the past 200 years.
          The author William Winthrop Kent believed that the earliest forebears of hooked rugs were the floor mats made in Yorkshire, England during the early part of the 19th century. Workers in weaving mills were allowed to collect thrums, pieces of yarn that ran 9 inches (23 cm) long. These by-products were useless to the mill, and the weavers took them home and pulled the thrums through a backing. The origins of the word thrum are ancient, as Mr. Kent pointed out a reference in Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor. However in the publication "Rag Rug Making" by Jenni Stuart-Anderson, Stuart-Anderson states that the most recent research indicates "...the technique of hooking woolen loops through a base fabric was used by the Vikings, whose families probably brought it to Scotland." To add to this there are sound examples at the Folk Museum in Guernsey, Channel Islands that early rag rugs made in the same manner where produced here off the coast of France as well.
          Rug hooking as we know it today may have developed in North America, specifically along the Eastern Seaboard in New England in the United States, the Canadian Maritimes, and Newfoundland and Labrador. In its earliest years, rug hooking was a craft of poverty. The vogue for floor coverings in the United States came about after 1830 when factories produced machine-made carpets for the rich. Poor women began looking through their scrap bags for materials to employ in creating their own home-made floor coverings. Women employed whatever materials they had available. Girls from wealthy families were sent to school to learn embroidery and quilting; fashioning floor rugs and mats was never part of the curriculum. Another sign that hooking was the pastime of the poor is the fact that popular ladies magazines in the 19th century never wrote about rug hooking. It was considered a country craft in the days when the word country, used in this context, was derogatory. Today rug hooking or mat making as it is sometimes referred to has been labeled in Canada as a fine art.
          Since hooking was a craft of poverty, rug makers put to use whatever materials were available. Antique hooked rugs were created on burlap after 1850 because burlap was free as long as one used old grain and feed bags. Every and any scrap of fiber that was no longer usable as clothing was put into rugs. In the United States, yarn was not a fiber of choice if one did not have access to thrums. Yarn was too precious, and had to be saved for knitting and weaving. Instead the tradition of using scraps of fabric evolved. Yarns and other creatively used materials have always been used for hooked rugs in the Canadian Maritimes. The well-known Cheticamp hooked rugs used finely spun yarns and the highly collectible Grenfell mats were meticulously hooked with recycled jerseys. Everything from cotton t-shirts to nylon stockings were cut and used.
          The modern preference for using only cut wool strips in hooked rugs originated with Pearl McGown in the 1930s, and may have saved the craft from disappearing in the United States. Mrs. McGown popularized strict guidelines for rug hooking and formalized its study. However the Grenfell Mission had previously and as early as 1916 established the same strict guidelines as structured by Lady Anne Grenfell wife of Sir Wilfred Grenfell as indicated in Paula Laverty's book "Silk Stocking Mats."
          In more recent decades hookers have followed quilters in exploring new materials and new techniques. This experimentation, combined with knowledge and respect for the past, will allow rug hooking to evolve and grow in the 21st century. Rug hooking today has evolved into two genres, which primarily fall into groups based upon the width of the wool strip employed to create a rug: fine hooking and primitive hooking. Fine hooking, in general, uses strips of wool measuring 1/32 to 5/32 of an inch wide. Designs of the fine-cut hooking genre use more fine shading accomplished by overdyeing wool in gradated color swatches. Primitive (or wide-cut) hooking uses wool strips measuring 6/32 up to 1/2-inch wide. The wide-cut hooking accomplishes shading and highlights using textures in wool, such as plaids, checks, herringbones, etc. Wide-cut designs are generally less detailed and mimic the naivety of rug hookers of the past (pre-McGown designs.) There are many well-known designers of commercial rug patterns and each exhibit their own distinct style and techniques. Some designers specialize in animals or whimsical subjects, others use specific and identifiable dyeing techniques, while others adapt antique rugs for today's rug hookers or employ various tools to achieve their chosen subject matter within their designs. You can find examples of each: Animals and Whimsy Bev Conway; Overdyeing techniques to achieve a signature look Karen Kahle; Special tools and techniques to create fine landscapes in wool Anne-Marie Littenberg; Adaptations of antique hooked rugs Sally Van Nuys; Interpreting Fraktur designs Susan Feller; Specializing in people in her rugs Rachelle LeBlanc. You can learn basic rug hooking techniques at Cindi Gay Rug Hooking. Other well-known rug hookers of today are Davey DeGraff, and Christian Corbet. In addition to the many commercially available patterns, many rug hookers are creating their own design patterns. (Wikipedia)
     
    Associations and Guilds for rug hookers.
    Schools for rug hookers
    Magazines for rug hookers
    Designs, Kits and Hand-Dyed Wool
    Museums
    Canadian & American Rug Hooking Fiber Artists
    Directories connected with rug hooking.
    Rug Hookers Talk Shop: